Pain is an alarm of disease, these are symptoms that announces that all is not right with our bodies. Either due to an accident or illness, it is likely the reason why people seek medical assistance. However, the pain has many causes, some of which are poorly understood, it is often a complex and vexing problem to treat. There are no truly effective medicines for a certain type of pain, and sometimes relief comes only at the expense of debilitating side-effects. However, the research for new and better pain-relievers, perhaps the oldest form of medicine, continues unabated.
There are different types of pain:-
• Acute pain starts suddenly and is short-term.
• Chronic pain can last for a longer period of time.
• Breakthrough pain happens when there is a bone affected by cancer.
• Soft tissue pain happened when organs, muscles or tissues are damaged or inflamed.
• Nerve pain happens when nerves are damaged.
• Referred pain is when pain from one part of your body is felt in other parts of the body.
• Phantom pain is when there is a pain in a part of the body that has been removed.
• Total pain includes the social, spiritual and emotional factors that affect a person’s pain experience.
Pain does not feel the same for everyone. Describing pain can sometimes be a challenging exercise. Treating the cause of the pain is always suitable, but it is not always possible to understand why people feel certain types of pain.
Pain signals arise and travel to the brain through one of the three pathways, each of which produces different pain sensations:
• Somatic Pain is the feeling that most people imagine when they think of pain: a message sent by receptors located throughout the body whenever an injury Somatic pain signals travel to the brain through peripheral nerves and are usually experienced as a constant, dull ache in the injured region.
• Visceral Pain occurs when organs or tissues in the abdominal cavity become stretched and disturbed due to disease or injury. Pain signals provided from a specific class of receptors present in the gut, producing feelings of pressure deep within the abdomen. Visceral pain often comes from a different part of the body than its actual source, a phenomenon known as referred pain.
• Neuropathic Pain occurs when nerves sustain injury. Regularly, its experienced as a burning sensation that can occur in response to even a gentle touch. Neuropathic pain does not respond to narcotic painkillers, which relieve other types of pain. Anticonvulsant or anti-depressant drugs, certain surgical procedures, may improve some cases of neuropathy.
The nerve signals our brains interpret as pain originates in the receptor-bearing cell which becomes activated by touch, movement, temperature or chemical changes in their environment. The pain may be acute, short, lived, intense and chronic, persisting for days to years. With acute pain, such as discomfort which follows surgery, doctors prescribe opiates: narcotic drugs derived from or chemically similar to opium. However, for chronic pain, opiates rarely bring relief. When there are effective, opiates often cause sedation and nausea that become a burden to the long-term user. Very least people with chronic pain develop toleration to opiates over months or years and so must continually increase their dosage. Comprehensibly, better pain medications would be welcome. Might the marijuana be a source of these sought-after, pain-relieving drugs?
Cannabinoids For Pain
Cannabinoids have shown worthy of attention in basic experiments on pain. Peripheral nerves detect pain sensations that contain abundant receptors for cannabinoids and cannabinoids appear to block peripheral nerve pain. Hopeful, studies suggest that opiates and cannabinoids crackdown on pain through different mechanisms. In these circumstances, marijuana-based medicines could perhaps be combined with opiates to boost their pain-relieving power, while limiting their side-effects.
As a result of the ethical and logistical difficulties of conducting pain experiments on human volunteers, marijuana’s potential to relieve pain has yet to be conclusively confirmed in clinical studies. These are the only studies existing, for example, Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain, Cannabis, and Pain: A Clinical Review, Medical Cannabis, and Pain Management: Can Cannabis Role Be Defined in Pain Medicine?
The reason why cannabis benefits are different illnesses and ailments boils down to the fact that some of the active pharmacological components of the cannabis plant mimic an internal chemical harm reduction system in the human body that keeps our health in balance – the Endocannabinoid System (ECS).
CANNABIS AND THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM
Endocannabinoid System is controlled by chemicals that our bodies produce. The chemicals are known as endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoids are responsible for keeping our most critical biological functions in balance, such as sleep, appetite, the immune system, pain and more. If the body gets out of balance and moves into a state, endocannabinoids go to work to fix the problem. The pharmaceutically active compounds in the cannabis plant mimic endocannabinoids and so can be effective in helping the body manage crises and restore itself after trauma when the body’s endocannabinoids are not able to restore balance alone.
Abundant cannabinoids such as THC and CBD can reduce pain at the site of injury. Both have potent anti-inflammatory properties. THC’s anti-inflammatory properties are primarily driven through the activation of CB2 receptors on immune cells, which moisten the body’s pain-inducing response to injury. CBD also reduces inflammation by blocking inflammatory mediators and shifting the activation of macrophage repair cells from the pro-inflammatory type to the anti-inflammatory type. THC and CBD benefits are in inflammation-driven pain has been well documented.
THC modulates pain at the level of the spinal cord and brain by activating CB1 receptors, and indirectly, by increasing opioid receptor activation. CBD impacts similary in pain processing by increasing levels of endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, which acts like THC to activate CB1 receptors.
The neuropathic pain is unlike inflammatory driven pain that arises from damage to the body’s nervous system. However, it is quite common. Neuropathic pain affects 5 to 8% of people and can be the result of forceful injury, pinching or stabbing that damages nerves. The disease is also a common underlying cause of neuropathic pain. For example, in multiple sclerosis, the insulation of nerve cells that breaks down, which leads to neuropathic pain. Some of the diseases that cause neuropathic pain, include Parkinson’s Disease, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and shingles, to name a few. Chemotherapy is an additional similar cause of neuropathic pain due to its destructive effects on many types of cells in the body.
Neuropathic pain is difficult to treat because it doesn’t result from inflammation that can be targeted by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, it’s due to disease, amputation or chemotherapy, many are turning to cannabis for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. Cannabis turns out to be a promising treatment option, and its benefits have been observed in both cancer and non-cancer-related forms of neuropathic pain across rodent models and in human clinical trials.
Central pain has recently appeared as a catch-all term for different types of pain that arise from dysfunction of the nervous system. Meanwhile, central pain can sometimes be a result of injury and often arises in the absence of any known cause. In that case, it can be particularly hard to treat. Fibromyalgia can be a classic example of central pain, which it arises from dysfunction in the way pain signals make their way to the brain and are processed.
Unlike other types of pain, the origin of fibromyalgia is largely unknown. With the help of the diversity of central pain, there are few studies investigating the benefits of cannabis in this pain category. Despite, the most well-established benefit of cannabis in treating central pain is for fibromyalgia. The study of 26 fibromyalgia patients, reported benefits from cannabis use and half stopped taking their other medications. This proves that cannabis can provide much-needed relief for those with fibromyalgia and possibly other central pain conditions of unknown origin.
One of the most noted conclusions about the use of cannabis for pain can be found in The Journal of Pain, which is the official journal of the American Pain Society. Written by Lise Gatenby, July 2018
Cannabinoids have shown worthy of attention in basic experiments on pain. Peripheral nerves detect pain sensations that contain abundant receptors for cannabinoids and cannabinoids appear to block peripheral nerve pain. Hopeful, studies suggest that opiates and cannabinoids crackdown on pain through different mechanisms. In these circumstances, marijuana-based medicines could perhaps be combined with opiates to boost their pain-relieving power, while limiting their side-effects.
As a result of the ethical and logistical difficulties of conducting pain experiments on human volunteers, marijuana’s potential to relieve pain has yet to be conclusively confirmed in clinical studies. These are the only studies existing, for example, Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain, Cannabis, and Pain: A Clinical Review, Medical Cannabis, and Pain Management: Can Cannabis Role Be Defined in Pain Medicine?
The reason why cannabis benefits are different illnesses and ailments boils down to the fact that some of the active pharmacological components of the cannabis plant mimic an internal chemical harm reduction system in the human body that keeps our health in balance – the Endocannabinoid System (ECS).
CANNABIS AND THE ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM
Endocannabinoid System is controlled by chemicals that our bodies produce. The chemicals are known as endocannabinoids. The endocannabinoids are responsible for keeping our most critical biological functions in balance, such as sleep, appetite, the immune system, pain and more. If the body gets out of balance and moves into a state, endocannabinoids go to work to fix the problem. The pharmaceutically active compounds in the cannabis plant mimic endocannabinoids and so can be effective in helping the body manage crises and restore itself after trauma when the body’s endocannabinoids are not able to restore balance alone.
Abundant cannabinoids such as THC and CBD can reduce pain at the site of injury. Both have potent anti-inflammatory properties. THC’s anti-inflammatory properties are primarily driven through the activation of CB2 receptors on immune cells, which moisten the body’s pain-inducing response to injury. CBD also reduces inflammation by blocking inflammatory mediators and shifting the activation of macrophage repair cells from the pro-inflammatory type to the anti-inflammatory type.
THC and CBD benefits are in inflammation-driven pain has been well documented.
THC modulates pain at the level of the spinal cord and brain by activating CB1 receptors, and indirectly, by increasing opioid receptor activation. CBD impacts similar in pain processing by increasing levels of endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, which acts like THC to activate CB1 receptors.
Disclaimer: the principles contained here is not designed nor meant to be a substitute for professional medical advice, it is only achieved for educational confidences only. You should take full responsibility for the way you decide on to use this information.
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